Management Of Medical Conditions At The Public Administration

Running head: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 9 Management of Medical Conditions Rashad Shepperson Fairleigh Dickinson University Management of Diabetes Introduction Humans are the most intelligent creature that occupies the earth and are, therefore, the only creatures able to actively control the use of resources in the land. Management as a tool is not limited to humans, but they enjoy a higher level of intellect that other creatures do not. They are therefore able to create new approaches and adapt new methods as situations demand. This abstract concept applies to all areas that are encapsulated in the human world which is why and dhow development is possible. The government element in society is†¦show more content†¦Background Many aspects of the human life require management to allow maximum efficiency of the subject. For instance, the labor market is governed by policies that dictate how an employee is to be treated by their employers and in some cases, the minimum wage is dictated. The above example is an illustration of how public administrators attempt to control situations that are manmade and that can be controlled. However, there are categories of elements that cannot be controlled or resolved by man s insistence, but can be managed to allow the maximum efficiency of the deficit resources. Natural elements like lightning, flooding or hurricanes are in this category which can only be managed. An occurrence of these elements is approximated and strategic programs set in motion to try and control their effect on human lives. For instance, setting up lightning arrestors to direct lightning energy into the ground and avoid damage to property or loss of human life. Diseases are other examples of the natural elements that man struggles to control since their occurrence is not entirely controllable. For this reason, man strives to control factors that facilitate their occurrence and persistence in the human body. In some cases, the disease might be incurable and, is therefore classified as a health condition

The Food Industry And Industrialization Of Agriculture

The corporate food industry and industrialization of agriculture today have revolutionized the growing and buying of food for farmers and consumers. To see how it has transformed the system, one can look at the effects industrial agriculture has caused. Economically, it creates million of jobs that keep people employed and keeps food affordable, but has regrettably created subsidies too. In terms of health, mass production of agriculture has created new health risks that endanger the lives of both producers and consumers, as well as encourage bad eating. As a result, the industrialization of agriculture has both good and bad effects because it feeds the population cost-efficiently while benefiting the economy, but risks people’s health. Economically, the corporate food industry and industrialization of agriculture has created millions of jobs that keep people employed. With such a rapidly growing population everyday, more jobs need to be created and more people are needed in agriculture than ever before to keep up with the demand for food. The development of industrialized agriculture solves both of these problems by providing the jobs people need, while meeting the demand for food. It also not only employs farmers but agriculture can employ people like truck drivers to deliver food or factory workers to clean or process food. Furthermore, the agricultural industry is able to beneficially hire unskilled or immigrant workers. Many agricultural jobs are considered menial, soShow MoreRelatedHow accurate is it to say that Mao Zedong’s agricultural policies from 1949 were the most important reason for the famine of 1959–62?1287 Words   |  6 Pagesinspired by the Soviet Union. This idea introduced a mode l, which prioritize industrialization known as the â€Å"Big Push Model†. China started prioritizing investments into the heavy industry, which would reshape the Chinese economy and create a Command economy. Mao’s economic policies seemed be working in the earlier years of its development, but Mao soon became obsessed with Industrialization (and putting less priority on agriculture) and competing with the western world that his own personal power and selfRead MoreThe Is Synonymous With The Concept Of Industrialization961 Words   |  4 PagesCorporatization is synonymous with the concept of industrialization. When one thinks of an ‘industrial’ park, the picture of a sprawling landscape of large businesses comes to mind. The image of a community of self-sustaining mom-and-pop shops certainly doesn’t fit the bill of what is commonly thought of to be industrial. We more commonly think of large corporations like Monsanto and Walmart as symbols of the a djective. 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The word may be applied to a wide range of activities, from farming to manufacturing and tourism. It encompasses production at any scale, from the local—sometimes known as cottage industry—to the multinational or transnational. In a more restricted sense, industry refers to the production of goods, especially when that productionRead MoreGlobal Warming Is Caused By Human Beings1174 Words   |  5 PagesWarming Global warming appears to be caused by human beings. There is too much CO2 in the atmosphere for plants and trees to take in all of it. There is strong evidence that humans are to blame, not just due to cars and factories but also from agriculture. A majority of scientists and scientific organizations believe humans are causing global warming. Global Warming is controversial. It is a perplexing phenomenon. Some people think it is a normal occurrence, others are afraid of the consequences

Negative Expectations and the film While You Were Essay Example For Students

Negative Expectations and the film While You Were Essay SleepingNegative Expectations and the film While You Were SleepingEveryday people feel the effects of others and society imposed ways to act or perform in daily actives. These imposed way are called expectations. Expectations can help people live up to there potential, act politely, finish projects, spend more time with family, and many other things that yield a positive outcome. Unfortunately, expectations are not always positive. Often these imposed expectations lead individuals into unhealthy stereotypes, sexism, sudden career choices, nonproductive relationships, little self-esteem and many other adverse results. The film While You Were Sleeping displays how one self, traditions, societies and others expectations can all intertwine and become a maze of lies, false hope, self-fulfilling prophecies and confusion.The film takes place in Chicago during the early nineties. Lucy Eleanor Moderatz is a lonely, single, Thirty year old orphan who works at the el-train taking fares. Everyday she sits in a booth like a veal (While You Were Sleeping) and watches the commuters come and go. She soon falls in love with a commuter that she has never talked to. Peter Callaghan is a stereotypically arrogant businessman who everyone loves. On Christmas day, Lucy finds herself witnessing Peter being mugged, and then thrown onto the train tracks of a quickly approaching train. Lucy saves Peter from the train and he is taken to the hospital in a coma. When Lucy checks up on Peter in the hospital a nurse assumes Lucy is his fiance and introduces the family to her under that pretense. Peters family has heard of Peter s fiance, but has never talked to or been introduced to her, so they welcome her fully into the family unaware that the two have never met. Lucy is swept away by the idea and the acceptance of the family and does not reveal that she is not the real fiance, who happiness to be away in Paris on business. Soon Saul, Peters Godfather, finds out the truth but encourages Lucy to play along to keep the family moral up. This is all taking place while Jack Callaghan, Peters blue-collar brother and Lucy fall in love with each other. By the end of the movie, all is figured out and Jack and Lucy are married but not before some unhealthy expectations, awkward situations and conclusions are discovered. Negative self-expectations are when a person has an ideal or predetermined way imposed on them that is not rational or probably. (Bentley 257). Negative self-exceptions often occur when one does not think ahead, but acts suddenly, leading to generalizations and stereotyping. In addition, these expe ctations give the person an unreal image of themselves. People are lead to believe that they are inadequate in comparison to others because they do not measure up to a self-imposed standard. The standard is so stringent that no one can fully live up to it. Strict self-expectations cause anxiety, which can lead to panic attacks, and even hart attracts (Talbot 339). As well, these expectations are also unjust and thought of without proper justification (Bentley 260). Lucy Moderatz has negative self-expectations of herself, which lead her to be shy, and rarely out going. She seas Peter Callaghan everyday and watches his every move but she never approaches him. Lucy is a good example of the negative half of the success-begets-success idea. If an individual get off to a successful start in life, they will tend to continue to be successful; if they start off as a failure, they will tend to be one again and again (Stotland 66). Lucy feels that she has struck out with men before and she wil l again. This expectation of failure leads her not to attempt an encounter with Peter. Success and failure in one area often shows up in other areas. The success-begets-success idea articulates that soon Lucy will not reach out to any new people whether she wants to procure a romantic relationship with them or not due to her past rejections (66). We will write a custom essay on Negative Expectations and the film While You Were specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Hate Crimes EssayIn the film, Sam expects people to carry out a task for him so that things can run smoothly. Sam is closely attached to the Callaghan family so he does not want to see them hurt. When he finds out that Lucy is not really Peters fiance, he tells Lucy to play along. His reasoning is that the family would be hurt severely by the truth so Lucy must not tell anyone what really happened. By doing this he is asking Lucy to give up her life and be deceitful by pretending to be something she is not. All this so a family can feel better for a brief time before the truth is eventually found out. Sams expectation of Lucy is negative because he is only concerned with himself and his familys current wants, not for Lucys. Later in the film, once Peter wakes up form his coma, Sam talks to him about his expectation for him and Lucy. Sam tells Peter that she is the best thing for him and even calls him a putz if he does not marry her right away. After hearing this talk Peter propose s to Lucy and they plan a wedding even though neither of them truly want to. Sams expectations of others caused lies and hardship and could have yielded a marriage between to people that never knew or even loved each other. The expectations of the Callaghan family on Lucy also proved to be strenuous. Lucy is given a guilt trip to show up at family events. When she explains the situation to her boss. Her boss says You dont join them (a family) like you do the Marines (While You Were Sleeping). But this is what they wanted. They expected Lucy to become a part of their family and were intent on making this expectation a reality. The Callaghan family also rushes the marriage, they do not wait for Lucy and Peter to chose a date but they decide on having the wedding as soon as possible. Negative expectations enclose us everyday. They drive us to react and believe in things we would normally not. The film While You Were Sleeping displays these expectations in the story of Lucy Moderatz. Negative expectations are in our traditions, society, our peers and ourselves.Bibliography:Works CitedBently, Joseph C. The Counselors Role. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1968. Cameron, John. An American Tradition. Newsweek 21 Mar. 1992: 57-58. Cooper, Harris M. and Thomas L. Good. Pygmalion Grows Up: Studies in the Expectation Communication Process. New York: Longman, 1983. Merton, R. K. The Self-fulfilling Prophecy. Antioch Review. 8 (1948) 193-210. Stotland, Ezra. The Psychology of Hope. San Francisco, 1969. Talbot, Edward and Robert White. Some Aspects of Self-conception and Role Demand in a Therapeutic Community. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 63.2 (1994) 338-345. While You Were Sleeping. Dir. Jon Turteltaub. With Sandra Bullock, Bill Pullman, Peter Gallagher and Peter Boyle. Caravan Pictures, 1995. 103 minutes. Youth Sourcebook on Sustainable Development. Winnipeg: IISD, 1995. Online. Internet. http://iisd.ca/youth/ysbk058.htm.

Kohut and Self Psychology and the Freudian Classical Model

Abstract This essay compares and contrasts Freud’s classical model of personality with the theory of self psychology devised by Heinz Kohut. Each theory proposes a different understanding of the nature of the human personality in regards to how it is formed and the extent to which it can adapt to its environment during the formative childhood years.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Kohut and Self Psychology and the Freudian Classical Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Freud’s classical theory of personality promoted a notion of human personality as static, predetermined, and unchanging entity which an individual remained powerless to affect whether positively or negatively. Kohut’s theory of self psychology by contrast returned human agency to the theory of personality and promoted a more dynamic interplay between the individual and his or her environment. This essay compares and cont rasts Freud’s classical model of personality with the theory of self psychology devised by Heinz Kohut. For the purposes of this comparison, personality will be defined as any and all significant and reasonably constant behavioral elements exhibited and repeated in an individual human being (Ewen 4). Each theory proposes a different understanding of the nature of the human personality in regards to how it is formed and the extent to which it can adapt to its environment during the formative childhood years. Freud posited that human personality formed within the first five years of life and could be divided into three strata: the Id, the Ego and the Superego (Ewen 2003). An individual is born with his or her Id, best characterized as an â€Å"entirely unconscious† entity possessing the sole motivation to have its physical needs met and avoid pain (Ewen 2003). The Ego arrives at approximately six months of age and represents the social face of the Id; Ego functions as a mediator between Id’s desires and â€Å"the reality principle, delaying pleasure until a suitable and safe object has been found† (Ewen 2003). The final member of the personality triumvirate the Superego forms between three and five years of age to moderate parental influence, conscious and unconscious desires, and â€Å"standards of right and wrong† (Ewen 2003). Kohut’s self psychology theory of personality denied the principal tenet of inherent sexual and aggressive forces (Kohut 1996). Self psychology launched the earliest psychoanalytic recognition of the importance of empathy in personality (Kohut 1996). Kohut (1996) focused attention on expanding the therapist’s role to practice relating empathically to the patient (Kohut 1996).Advertising Looking for term paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Healthy development of personality was fluid and changeable, Kohut (1996) asser ted, particularly in the realm of â€Å"selfobject experiences;† mutually beneficial experiences with other personalities nurtured the self and contributed to a positive view of the self, and greater self-esteem in the patient (Kohut 1996). â€Å"Healthy narcissism† refers to a robust, ambitious and integrated self that aspires toward full self actualization as well as the fulfillment of proficiencies and talents (Kohut 1996). â€Å"Narcissism† by contrast indicates the presence of a powerless self striving to preserve a false self unity and self worth through destructive channels (Kohut 1996). Teicholtz (1999) argued â€Å"from the viewpoint of†¦feminist and postmodern critics† that Freud’s theory was essentially a dinosaur of â€Å"male supremacy†¦heterosexist views, and†¦derivative emphasis on reproductive sexuality† (Teicholtz 1999). Teicholtz (1999) asserted that Freud’s theory of personality was best â€Å"unders tood as having been multiply determined by a mix of the intellectual/sociopolitical climate of his times, the limiting effects of his personal subjectivity, certain unanalyzed aspects of his childhood misperceptions, and defensive unconscious fantasy† (Teicholtz 1999). Kohut’s theory of self psychology, Teicholtz (1999) states, â€Å"can be seen as [an] important waystation†¦between classical and postmodern theories† (Teicholtz 1999). Kohut championed the value of the â€Å"belief in the possibility of psychic order and coherence on the basis of certain kinds of relationships available to the individual during childhood† while simultaneously letting go of Freud’s rigid interpretation of â€Å"biological determinism† (Teicholtz 1999). Kohut reformulated Freud’s concept of the instinctual aggressive drive and characterized it as more of a social construction than a predetermined unconscious response (Kohut 1996). Aggressive response s resemble â€Å"preformed action patterns† that are â€Å"learned with greater ease than other action patterns† (Kohut 1996). Said drives then were better described as a â€Å"biological and psychobiological readiness to express oneself aggressively† (Kohut 1996). Given that â€Å"certain patterns are more easily mobilized than others,† Kohut argued that the â€Å"drive in and of itself is neutral. You cannot say from the drive whether it is destructive in its social implications or constructive† (Kohut 1996).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Kohut and Self Psychology and the Freudian Classical Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kohut essentially asserted that the aggressive response drew meaning exclusively from its context, and not from an iron clad, consistently destructive biological instinct that gave no agency to its human host. Teicholtz (1999) characterizes Koh ut’s theory of self psychology as a bridging theory, and one that extended Frued’s theory into the 21st century Teicholtz (1999). â€Å"Kohut’s self psychology was an answer to what he felt were the limitations of Freud’s drive theory. Where Freud saw sexual and aggressive instincts as the driving force of development, Kohut saw the need for a coherent and continuous sense of the self† (Teicholtz 1999). Another area of contrast between the two theorists lay in their understanding of the higher emotions. Freud characterized the fruits of humanity – love for instance – as rewards for a healthy development of personality, yet in Freud’s mind these rewards only arrived once the individual had sublimated his true instincts, and so functioned as â€Å"derivatives of the instincts† (Teicholtz 1999). Kohut, by contrast, saw the capacity for and the realization of love as direct extensions of the â€Å"nondrive aspects of selfâ €  (Teicholtz 1999). Kohut preferred to characterize human personality as a potential, a perennial bloom that could be influenced positively by his or her environment. Teicholtz (1999) showed that Kohut’s self psychology focused more on the whole human than separate and distinct parts (Teicholtz 1999). In conclusion, Freud’s classical theory of personality promoted a notion of human personality as a static, predetermined, and unchanging entity which an individual remained powerless to affect, whether positively or negatively. Kohut’s theory of self psychology by contrast returned human agency to the theory of personality and promoted a more dynamic interplay between the individual and his or her environment. References Ewen, R.B. (2003). An introduction to theories of personality (6th ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Kohut, H. (1996). Heinz Kohut: The Chicago institute lectures. P. Tolpin M. Tolpin, (Eds.). Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.Adv ertising Looking for term paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Teicholtz, J.G. (1999). Kohut, Loewald and the postmoderns: A comparative study of self and relationship. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. 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